Looking back on a hundred years of youth and pursuing the imprint of the first heart -- A visit to the Historical Exhibition Hall of the Communist Party of China
Release time:
2021-07-21
今年是中国共产党成立100周年，因为工作关系近几年一直常驻北京，身处祖国的心脏，我能切身感受到百年庆典气氛的浓郁和热烈。7月1日，天安门广场举行了隆重的建党百年庆祝大会，习近平总书记发表了振奋人心的讲话。看过直播以后，按捺不住内心的激动，7月3日即专程到天安门广场去“打卡”留念。当然，作为一个有二十七年党龄的中共党员，除了庆祝大会会场，还有一个地方是不能不去的，那就是中国共产党历史展览馆。
中国共产党历史展览馆是一座以中国共产党党史为主线、全景式展示中国共产党矢志不渝奋斗之路的永久性展馆，于2021年6月18日正式开馆，地址是北京市朝阳区北辰东路9号。开馆当天，习近平总书记和全体中央政治局委员专程前往参观，还一起重温了入党誓词。在“学习强国”党员学习平台上看到那个新闻，我当时就想，这个展览馆如果能对社会开放的话，一定要去好好看看。12日下午，公司党员同事发来消息说，展览馆7月15日正式面向公众开放，可以提前三天预约，还发来了预约入口链接。我当即手机登录，提交了7月15日的参观预约。
现在想来，还是比较庆幸当时的果断，因为在14日收到“预约成功”的参观资格审核通过的短信时，预约申请已经排到了25日，还一度关闭了个人预约入口；当天晚上，7月份的参观名额已经约满。如果当时稍微犹豫一会，就指不定排到哪天了。
15日上午，我抓紧处理完当天的工作，中饭没吃就去赶地铁，在预约时间之前赶到了展览馆。顾不上仔细欣赏那庄重肃穆的高大建筑，就匆匆扫健康码、排队刷脸、核验身份证后进门。
刚迈进展览馆大门，我就被正对面的巨幅漆画《长城颂》震撼了。该画有15米高，40米宽，据介绍是当前全世界最大的一幅漆画。画面上，雄伟的长城如一条巨龙，在朱红色的崇山峻岭之巅蜿蜒盘旋，沧桑厚重，气势非常恢宏。长城历来是中华民族的精神象征，这样的一幅画安放在这个位置，除了向党的百岁华诞献礼，当然还有着其他丰富的寓意，你懂的。
因为新冠肺炎疫情防控的需要，展览馆实行限流，每天只能预约3000人，又有很多单位集体组织参观，所以当天馆里像我这样的个人观众很少。观众里最显眼的就是队列整齐的军人，和我差不多时间进馆的就有解放军联合参谋部和国防大学的两个官兵团队，我也顺势跟着他们一起走，可以听讲解员介绍，做回“旁听生”。
既然是中国共产党历史展览馆，展览的内容自然是中国共产党波澜壮阔的百年历程。名为“不忘初心、牢记使命”的主题展览分为四个部分，即“建立中国共产党 夺取新民主主义革命伟大胜利”“成立中华人民共和国 进行社会主义革命和建设”“实行改革开放 开创和发展中国特色社会主义”“推进中国特色社会主义进入新时代 全面建成小康社会 开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程”。其中展示了大量历史图片资料和文物实物，令人目不暇接。
以前对中国共产党党史也有一定的了解，但这一次展览，把我曾经知道的那些概念化的党史知识真正放在了当年的历史环境中，让人真切地去理解、去感受。举例来说，中国共产党成立于内忧外患风雨飘摇的旧中国，在此之前，从戊戌变法到新文化运动，各种思想理论都在为解决中国问题提供见解和思路，印象较深的如鲁迅先生的兄弟周作人提出的新村主义，胡适信奉的自由主义，“铁路之父”詹天佑、“地质之父”李四光等人的实业救国主义，还有空想社会主义，“南陈北李”倡导的马克思主义等等，最后只有马克思主义经受住考验，带领中国人民取得了革命的胜利。还有关于中共“一大”，我们以前知道会议开始是在上海的法租界召开，后来转到浙江嘉兴南湖的红船上，但原因呢？听了讲解我才知道，因为最初几天的会议引起租界巡捕的怀疑，会议紧急决定转移。会议代表李达的夫人王会悟在嘉兴读过书，她提出嘉兴南湖离上海近，又便于保密，可以到那里继续开会，这个建议得到了参会大多数人的赞同。这些以前不了解的细节，使那些革命先辈的形象丰满鲜活了许多。
随着参观线路的延伸，听着讲解员的解说，一件件展品讲述着各自平凡又不普通的故事，我仿佛穿越了时空，亲身经历着一百多年的历史变迁。八一南昌起义，秋收起义，中国共产党开始独立领导革命进行武装斗争；古田会议，三湾改编，把党组织建到了连上，真正做到党指挥枪；遵义会议，在革命最艰难的时刻确立了毛泽东在全党全军的领导地位；西安事变的和平解决，国共两党再次合作抵御外侮；解放战争，老乡们推着小车千里支前，为淮海大战提供补给保障，百万雄师过长江……这些从小耳熟能详的故事，借助场景还原和声、光、电等现代表现手段，活生生地展现在参观者面前。
回顾历史，对照现实，也让我对许多重大历史事件有了更深的理解。解放初期，百废待兴，以毛泽东主席为核心的第一代国家领导人以坚强的气魄和极具前瞻性的大智慧，毅然做出了“抗美援朝、保家卫国”的历史性决定。虽然当时的中国与美国为首的西方十六个参战国相比差距相当大，但抗美援朝的胜利，打破了帝国主义豪强不可战胜的神话，极大地提升了中国人民的民族自信心和民族自豪感，也让当时中国的国际地位有了空前提高。正是因为打赢了这一仗，才为新中国经济建设和社会发展赢得了相当稳定的几十年和平环境。如果没有志愿军战士在异国土地上的流血牺牲，新中国的70年，可能会是另外一种发展路径了。
场景还原是展览的一大特色。在这里，我看到了中共“一大”在上海法租界的会场，看到了嘉兴南湖红船，就在那个只有简简单单两张条桌的船舱里，发生了中国历史上开天辟地的大事件——中国共产党正式成立；在这里，借助现代科技的表现手段，我身临其境地看到了红军长征衣衫褴褛步履蹒跚地爬雪山、过草地，看到了先辈们的坚忍和不懈努力；在这里，我看到了新中国建设的诸多成就，看到了大阅兵的威武之师，看到了火神山、雷神山医院和万众一心共抗新冠疫情的无我奉献……我的心情也随之激昂。
展览中还有大量的历史文物，而且基本是实物原件，这在此类展览中是相当难得的。在这里，我不仅看到了从海外回归的圆明园被抢掠的四个青铜兽首、马克思亲笔写的《资本论》手稿原件、农民运动领袖彭湃在“海陆丰”开展工作时使用的羊皮喇叭、八一南昌起义时朱德使用的驳壳枪、开国大典时毛泽东主席身着的呢制服等珍贵的国家一级文物，也看到了上世纪七八十年代几乎天天见面的粮票、布票、油票、肉票这类和普通百姓生活直接相关又非常不起眼的小物件。作为一个军迷，我对军事相关的展品特别感兴趣，像民主革命时期的土制枪械，长征途中红军缴获的克虏伯火炮，抗日战场上击毙“名将之花”阿部规秀那场伏击战中缴获的日产迫击炮，1949年北平西苑机场阅兵时毛主席乘坐的从国民党军缴获的美式JEEP，开国大典阅兵时的检阅车，展览中都有实物展示。当然更少不了各类科技含量极高的“国之重器”——深海潜水器、天河计算机、C919大飞机、长征系列运载火箭、复兴号动车组等模型展示。
参观展览，我更深刻地理解到：以毛泽东主席为核心的第一代领导人让中国人民站起来，以邓小平同志为代表的第二代领导集体带领人民不断探索让大家富起来，习近平总书记引领全体中国共产党员和全国人民共同努力，让中国强起来。做到这一些，就要依靠人民大众、真心实意为人民着想。正如习近平总书记在七一讲话中所说的：“江山就是人民，人民就是江山。打江山，守江山，守的是人民的心。中国共产党根基在人民、血脉在人民、力量在人民。”
我出生于上世纪六十年代末，从记事起，物资贫乏就是一个无法回避的生活主题。我至今还记得很清楚，念初中时住校难得回家，一次周末回家的时候奶奶从床头下面拿出两个黄岩蜜桔给我，我当时非常开心。那是我姑姑回来探望时给她的，老人家不舍得吃留给我。后来参加工作，一个月25元基本工资，加上12元营养费，一共37元，每月领取的粮票定额为18斤，有时想到城里的新新点心店买几个包子还要看看兜里粮票够不够。再看现在的孩子，水果零食一概不缺！说到这些，可能有的人会不以为意，那只是因为他们没有经历过经济匮乏的年代，只有饿过肚子的人，才能真正体会到解决十三四亿人口吃饭问题、“一个都不能少”致富奔小康的不容易。去年以来的新冠肺炎疫情，中国共产党人和中国人民更是书写了一张相当优秀的答卷。西方有些国家喜欢处处给中国“挑刺”，我觉得“教师爷”们应该先把自己家的事情处理好啰！
从站起来、富起来到强起来，一代又一代共产党人前赴后继热血向前，甚至付出生命的代价。国际环境依然复杂，中国共产党未来的路还很长，还会经历许许多多的不容易，我想，只要把老百姓装在心里，把民生放在首位，就一定会得到老百姓的拥护和支持，就有能力克服未来的种种困难。在展览的第四部分，有一幅习近平总书记挥手的大幅照片，下面有八个大字，“我将无我，不负人民”，那就是无数共产党人的心血凝练成的钢铁箴言。
短短三个小时的参观，丰富的内容和数千件有深刻历史意义的展品，让我深感不虚此行，但时间短促不能细细观看，也让我心里有一点遗憾；我想以后有机会的话还会再来参观。中国共产党历史展览馆，浓缩了中国一个世纪波澜壮阔的历程，是一个值得来、值得看、值得认真品味和感受的地方。
这几年，文化创意产品成为时兴的宣传载体，党史展览馆也预设了相关的配置，其中新华书店的馆内店起了个特别的名字，叫“百年书房”。不过大约因为刚落成开放，书店和文创销售点还没有正式营业，给希望带点纪念品回家的观众留下不小的遗憾。还好，展览馆的主题邮局已经开门迎客，大家看完展览，不约而同地赶去购买相关邮品。前几天我已经接到了数位党员老同事的嘱托，排了二十多分钟的队，买了几只开馆纪念封，算是完成了任务。
特别值得一提的是，虽然在北京地图上，中国共产党历史展览馆只是很小的一个点，但就是这个“点”，却有一个独一无二的专属邮政编码——100100，其中的美好寓意就是“两个100年”！（尖峰药业销售部 陈通）
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