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Centennial (III) of the Communist Party of China

Release time:

2021-04-01

1930 to 1934 , the Kuomintang army launched five "encirclement and suppression " operations against the central revolutionary base areas in Jiangxi. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, after several years of arduous and tortuous guerrilla warfare, the Red Army had grown to about 10 in the summer of 1930 , and opened up more than a dozen revolutionary bases in more than a dozen provinces. The rapid development of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and the increasing expansion of the revolutionary base areas, especially Li Lisan's "Left " adventurist military operations, shocked the Kuomintang's reactionary rule. As soon as the scuffle between the warlords of Jiang Feng Yan was over, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized his army and launched a large-scale counter-revolutionary "encirclement and suppression " against the Red Army and the revolutionary base areas.

1931 11 April 7 ~20 , the First National Congress of the Chinese Soviet was held in Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, announcing the establishment of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic.

1932 2 3 , Mao Dun, Lu Xun, Ye Shengtao, Yu Dafu, Ding Ling, Hu Yuzhi, Chen Wangdao, Feng Xuefeng, Zhou Yang, Tian Han, Xia Yan, Yang Hansheng and other 43 people jointly published "Shanghai Cultural Circles Report to the World", angrily denouncing Japanese imperialist aggression and opposing Kuomintang's non-resistance, calling on the proletariat and revolutionary cultural groups around the world to support China's anti-Japanese struggle.

1933 9 , in the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression " , under the influence of Wang Ming "left " adventurism, Li de and others implemented a purely defensive military line, first implementing adventurism in attack and then conservatism in defense after encountering setbacks. Their wrong command caused the Red Army to lose many battles and battles from late 1934 1 to late 3 . The Red Army and the revolutionary base areas suffered heavy losses, leading to the failure of the Central Red Army's fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression " . The main force of the Central Red Army was forced to withdraw from the Central Revolutionary Base, break through the encirclement and transfer, and begin the Long March.

1935 1 In May, the Red Army captured Zunyi on the way to the Long March. The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held an enlarged meeting here, which was historically called the Zunyi Conference. This is the first meeting in which the Communist Party of China independently uses the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism to solve problems in its own line, principles and policies. This meeting ended Wang Ming's "Left " dogmatism rule in the Central Committee. In fact, it established the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Mao Zedong as the core. At an extremely critical historical juncture, it saved The party saved the Red Army and the Chinese revolution. In the history of the Chinese Communist Party and the Red Army, is a life-and-death turning point.

1935 1 April to 3 June, Mao Zedong commanded the central red army to move to the three provinces of Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan, repeatedly crossing the Chishui river, skillfully interspersed between the encirclement and suppression of hundreds of thousands of heavy Kuomintang groups, continuously creating fighter planes, annihilating a large number of enemies in the movement, firmly grasping the initiative on the battlefield, and smashing Chiang Kai-shek's plan to encircling the Red Army, in the history of the Red Army's Long March, it achieved a glorious example of winning more with less and changing from passive to active.

1935 8 , the Red Army was on the way to the Long March. The Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Union and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued a "Letter to All Compatriots for Anti-Japanese and National Salvation", which is the famous "August 1 Declaration". The declaration analyzed the domestic political situation after the "9 18 " Incident, exposed the Japanese imperialists' aggression against North China and their ambition to destroy China, denounced the Kuomintang's non-resistance policy, had a profound influence on patriots from all walks of life in the country, and promoted the development of the anti-Japanese national salvation movement.

1935

12 April 9 , thousands of college and middle school students in Peiping (Beijing) held a demonstration to resist Japan and save the country, opposing the autonomy of North China, resisting Japanese imperialism and demanding the preservation of the integrity of China's territory. The patriotic actions of Beiping students and slogans such as "Aid Suiyuan Anti-Japanese War " and "All Parties Unite " have won the response of students across the country and the support of the people across the country, forming the new climax of the national people's anti-Japanese democratic movement and promoting the establishment of the anti-Japanese national united front. This is a large-scale student patriotic movement led by the Communist Party of China.

1935

12 July, the Wayaobao Conference was held, which determined the strategic policy of the anti-Japanese national united front. The meeting analyzed the new changes in domestic class relations after the North China Incident, discussed the anti-Japanese national united front, the national defense government, and the anti-Japanese allied forces, and criticized the long-standing "Left " closed-door doctrine in the party., Formulated the strategy and policy of the anti-Japanese national united front.

1936

10 June, the three main forces of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army successfully joined forces, announcing the end of the Red Army's Long March victory. The Long March lasted two years and moved to 14 provinces, with the longest journey of about 25,000 miles. After going through twists and turns, we have overcome many difficulties and obstacles, preserved and trained the basic strength of the revolution, transferred the base camp of the Chinese revolution to the northwest, and created conditions for the development of the Anti Japanese War and the development of the Chinese revolutionary cause. It is a heroic epic written by ordinary people in the history of modern human war.

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