Horizontal joint opens the prelude to enterprise reform
Release time:
2020-08-14
编者按:今年是改革开放40周年,尖峰也正是因为改革开放的东风,开始在市场经济浪潮中扬帆远航。9月16日,《金华日报》在第1版刊文讲述尖峰的改革故事,本报特予转载,与大家共同回顾那段给尖峰发展带来巨大转折的岁月。
横向联合拉开企业改革序幕
——尖峰集团的改革故事
《金华日报》记者 邵雪廉 通讯员 傅亦武
梳理尖峰集团的发展史,2007年是分水岭。这一年,尖峰集团水泥板块与中国建材集团战略重组。
此后的故事,绕不开尖峰医药的创新崛起和身处金华之外却源源不断为企业贡献稳定利润的尖峰水泥,绕不开行业周期性与非周期性业绩互补的双主营业务经营架构,绕不开过剩行业“利基者”与专科领域“领导者”双重定位在尖峰集团的成功实践。
此前的故事,则要从横向经济联合说起。正是因为有了横向经济联合,才有了尖峰集团前身金华水泥厂的规模扩张,才有了从金华水泥厂到尖峰集团的集团化发展之路,才有了股份制改革后的尖峰集团上市,以及上市之后的壮士断腕与凤凰涅槃。
从《尖峰演义》看金华企业改革,尖峰集团前掌门人杜自弘与现掌门人蒋晓萌都有一个共同的感受:改革创新是企业发展的永恒主题,而任何一项改革都是外部环境与内生动力的结合。
上任伊始看到危机
1958年,金华水泥厂创立,至今刚好60年。
那是用榔头敲石灰石、用手搓生料球的年代,真可谓白手起家、土法上马。经历过下马、停产的波折,金华首家水泥厂跌跌撞撞地进入了改革开放年代。
1983年,担任科长职务的杜自弘被越级提拔,出任金华水泥厂厂长。这年,他43岁,在金华水泥厂工作了18年。
那是严重短缺经济年代。水泥只要生产出来就不愁销路,利润也相当丰厚。1983年,金华水泥厂的水泥产量只有12万吨,利润却高达240万元。
但杜自弘敏锐地察觉到了国有企业即将面临的危机。
1981年,国务院出台《关于城镇非农业个体经济若干政策性规定》,指出个体经济是国营经济和集体经济的必要补充;1983年又出台补充规定,进一步放宽经营范围和经营者条件,大大推动了乡镇个体经济发展。
虽然这时的乡镇企业还处在小打小闹阶段,在整体实力上无法对国有企业产生威胁,但灵活的机制、优惠的政策使他们在市场竞争中如鱼得水,而国有企业和集体企业却被呆板的机制捆绑了手脚。
杜自弘没有因12万吨产量的240万元利润而高兴。“如果抱着小富即安的心态,固守国有企业的老路子,迟早会走下坡路。”
出路只有一条——改革!
横向联合“借蛋孵鸡”
杜自弘的改革首先向内,在企业里推行机制改革。
国营企业原先实行党委领导下的厂长负责制和职工代表大会制度,企业是法人,厂长是法人代表,在党组织的领导下行使对企业的管理权。1984年全国开始国营工业企业厂长(经理)负责制试点,金华地区有9家企业进行试点,金华水泥厂是其中之一。
厂长制改革中,过去由党总支一手包揽的生产经营决策权、干部任免权、企业内部奖励形式决定权、机构设置权等统一由厂长领导的经营班子作出决策并组织实施。
杜自弘在机制改革中,首先改革劳动人事制度,打破原有的干部终身制,中层干部一律实行聘任制,有26人成为第一批聘任制中层干部,包括蒋晓萌。同时加大人才培养力度,提高职工素质;明确各级职责权限,激发内部活力。
要想发展壮大,光在内部下功夫肯定不够。杜自弘开始眼光向外。
1984年6月,杜自弘向上级打报告,由金华水泥厂与罗店联办水泥厂。
这不是一份简单的报告,而是拉开了金华水泥厂冲破所有制成分、行政区域等多种限制进行规模扩张的序幕。
因为是计划经济时代,作为国有企业的金华水泥厂,电、煤、油等原料供应靠行政下达计划,水泥销售的价格靠行政指令;而乡镇企业可以采购议价的原材料,销售议价的水泥产品。
为了扩大生产,国有企业的资金投入要层层审批,受到多种限制;而乡镇企业的决策、执行机制更灵活。
联合办厂,即由金华水泥厂出技术、出管理,由乡镇出土地、筹资金,在国有企业的母体之外,再造一个能充分利用乡镇企业优惠政策、机制灵活的子企业。而对当地来说,可以发展经济,可以解决大量富余农村劳动力的就业。
金华水泥厂的报告得到上级政府与部门的大力支持。当年8月,这一方案获得同意,婺城新厂在罗店前庄头破土动工;1986年,金华水泥厂与山桥乡联办山桥分厂的协议签订,成为第二家联办企业。
这就是杜自弘所说的“借蛋孵鸡、养鸡生蛋”。“借蛋孵鸡”就是积极争取社会各方面力量进行投资,同时广泛开展横向经济联合,借助当地乡镇企业在土地、人力和政策等方面的优势,弥补金华水泥厂的不足。“养鸡生蛋”是通过资金流的不断滚动,不断扩大企业生产规模,增强经营能力。
有人梳理了改革开放以来中国企业家编年史,在改革开放初期,企业家的诞生分为三类族群,一是村级带头人,二是社队作坊或小工厂的厂长,三是个体劳动者。而杜自弘开创了国有企业与乡镇企业结合的新路子。
3年时间里,通过“借蛋孵鸡”,在没要国家一分钱投入的情况下,金华水泥厂的水泥生产能力提高了30万吨,固定资产增加1000万元,相当于再造3个原先的金华水泥厂。而对当地来说,农民当工人了,有人要给杜自弘塑像,被他坚决拒绝。
百年尖峰从此启航
横向经济联合使金华水泥厂从单一工厂迈向集团化企业。1987年5月,尖峰水泥集团成立,一个以金华水泥厂为核心,14个跨地区、跨行业、跨部门、不同所有制的生产经营流通单位自愿联合组成的经济实体亮相。
紧接着,为了从根本上解决集团内部资产关系上的矛盾,原先所有制不变、隶属关系不变、资产归属不变的“三不变”框框被打破,杜自弘着手股份制改造。1988年,尖峰水泥集团变为浙江尖峰水泥集团股份有限公司。
1990年,尖峰集团向社会公众发行股票;1993年7月28日,尖峰集团在上交所上市。
说起尖峰集团发展这一系列重要改革事件,杜自弘曾表示,是改革开放给了尖峰机遇,只不过是“立志冒尖、永攀高峰”的尖峰人努力地抓住了机遇;是开明的外部环境造就了尖峰,从不完善到完善、从不规范到规范,需要敢担当的政府部门和官员来担当,需要敢闯敢干的引路人来带路。
这样的改革创新精神,一直流淌在尖峰人的血液里。
2006年,尖峰集团遭遇像上世纪80年代末一样的第二次严重危机,自上市以来首次出现亏损。困难的产生都是外因与内因的结合,克服困难的途径也只有一条——结合外部环境与自身实际进行改革。2007年,尖峰集团与中国建材联合,就水泥板块业务进行整合。
2007年,蒋晓萌出任尖峰集团董事长,提出“合作创新强主业、规范科学求发展”,专注于水泥、医药两个行业,同时进一步完善现代企业治理结构,从发展战略、决策体系、科学管理、技术创新、企业文化等方面下功夫,创造了尖峰集团新的辉煌。
通过战略重组,尖峰水泥在金华市域没有一家控股的生产基地,却凭着品牌优势、管理优势、品质优势,至今仍为集团贡献稳定利润。蒋晓萌说,尖峰水泥是过剩行业的“利基者”,在区域市场做管理领先者,成本控制领先者。
通过技术创新,尖峰医药后发崛起,正呈现蓬勃的发展势头。大力度投入研发,高站位谋求合作,尖峰医药正向专科用药、肿瘤制剂、小分子靶向药物、生物制剂方向发展,逐步走向大健康产业。蒋晓萌说,尖峰药业以创新取胜、以独占取胜、以模式取胜,正在努力成为专科领域的“领导者”。
如今的尖峰集团正处于历史上发展最好的时候。至2017年底,尖峰集团总资产和净资产比上市之初分别增长了近30倍和28倍,资产质量和盈利能力不断优化。仅今年上半年,公司总体净利润就达3.02亿元,再次刷新历史最好业绩。“秉持改革创新的精神,不断迎接挑战、化解危机,企业才能更加成熟、更加理智、更加有生命力,尖峰集团才能走向百年尖峰。”蒋晓萌说。
More information
Recently, the People's Government of Wucheng District of Jinhua City released the list of "Advanced Enterprises for Talent Development" and "Outstanding Enterprise Science and Technology Talents" in 2020. The Group Company was once again rated as an advanced enterprise for talent development, and Zhao Chunquan, an employee of Peak Health Technology Company, was rated as an outstanding enterprise science and technology talent. The selection object of advanced enterprises for talent development in Wucheng District is the district-owned enterprise units. The participating units need to pay attention to the introduction of talents, and have a relatively complete talent introduction mechanism. The number of talents introduced is large and can give full play to the role of talents, or the effect of talent introduction is obvious., And can fully transform and give full play to the intellectual achievements. The selection focuses on high-level and high-skilled talents, and sets evaluation criteria from four aspects: talent increment, talent stock, talent platform and additional indicators. In 2020, the group company will continue to do a good job in talent increment and talent platform, actively participate in talent recruitment and technical project docking activities organized by departments at all levels, carry out industry-university-research cooperation with Zhejiang Industrial and Commercial University, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University and other universities, and obtain 7 national invention patents. At present, the company has one national postdoctoral research workstation, one provincial academician expert workstation and one municipal academician expert workstation, two provincial enterprise technology centers and (R & D) institutions, one municipal enterprise technology center and (R & D) institution, and one provincial enterprise research institute, which has built various talent training platforms for enterprise personnel. In recent years, the company has continuously innovated its business philosophy, strengthened internal management, accelerated transformation and development, actively responded to the government's in-depth implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, strived to create a good environment for gathering, cultivating and using talents, and cultivated a group of outstanding scientific and technological talents. It has been rated as "Advanced Enterprise for Talent Development" in Wucheng District for many years ". Zhao Chunquan is responsible for the production management of the three business sectors of Jianfeng health care products, Chinese medicine decoction pieces and plant extracts, the pilot production of new products, the technical optimization and innovation of old products, and the daily management of Jianfeng health, safety and environmental protection. He has solid experience in pharmaceutical production site management, GMP system establishment and product production process optimization. In 2020, he led the workshop to increase cross extraction pipelines through technological transformation of equipment, which improved the yield of products, reduced the use of extraction solvents and saved production costs. Through process optimization, a grading process was added before extraction, and a cross extraction process was adopted in the extraction process, which increased the yield of Rhodiola extract by more than 10% year on year, reduced alcohol loss by 30%, and reduced the cost of product production, increased market competitiveness. Prior to this, peak health employees Lu Guosheng, Yang Hao and Chen Anping, and peak cable employee Lu Chaofang also won the honor of outstanding enterprise scientific and technological talents in Wucheng District. (Ni Yingzhen, Yao Lili)
2021
04-12
Chen Long, Secretary of Jinhua Municipal Party Committee, went to the peak to investigate.
"Spike is a well-known representative and iconic manufacturing enterprise in Jinhua. In a sense, it can be said that it is a representative of Jinhua's industrial enterprises, and the development of Spike is also a microcosm of Jinhua's industrial development." On March 31, when Chen long, secretary of the Jinhua Municipal CPC Committee, went to Jianfeng to conduct a special investigation, he fully affirmed the business development of the enterprise in recent years. On the morning of the same day, Chen long, secretary of the Jinhua Municipal CPC Committee, and Zhang Xinyu, vice mayor, together with the heads of the Municipal Economic and Information Bureau, the State-owned assets Supervision and Administration Commission and other departments, went to the headquarters of Jianfeng Group to conduct a special investigation, visited the company's exhibition hall, listened to the introduction of Chairman Jiang Xiaomeng's enterprise situation, and discussed and exchanged views with the company's management team on the current difficulties faced by the party committee and government. At the symposium, Jiang Xiaomeng introduced the company's situation from eight aspects including historical evolution, organizational structure, industrial layout, current operating conditions, corporate governance, technological innovation, corporate culture construction, and future development ideas. In recent years, under the guidance of the policy of "cooperative innovation to strengthen the main business, standardize science and seek development", Jianfeng has accelerated the transformation and upgrading of enterprises and technological innovation, scientific layout and orderly expansion, achieved steady development, and created good benefits, which has been unanimously praised by Chen long and other leaders. Jiang Xiaomeng also expressed his views and suggestions on how to realize the effective connection between intelligent manufacturing and traditional manufacturing, and how to further stimulate the enthusiasm of enterprises to invest in innovative product research and development, and exchanged views with visiting leaders of relevant departments. Vice Mayor Zhang Xinyu said in the exchange that Jianfeng is Jinhua's leading enterprise, and its development momentum and brand image are very good, and it also has strong strength. He hopes to further give full play to the advantages of listed companies in the future. to play a greater role in promoting the industrial integration of Jinhua enterprises, speeding up the cultivation of small and medium-sized enterprises, and strengthening the headquarters economy, the government will also increase support for advantageous enterprises such as Jianfeng, for the further development of enterprises to create conditions, do a good job of service. In his research speech, Secretary Chen long pointed out that the municipal party committee fully affirmed the efforts and contributions made by Jianfeng Group to Jinhua's economic development over the years; the municipal party committee and municipal government will certainly attach great importance to the opinions and suggestions put forward by enterprises, seriously study them, and do their best to solve them. Chen Long put forward several hopes for the future development of Jianfeng: strengthen confidence in development, take advantage of the situation, actively adapt to the new requirements of high-quality development, keep your feet on the ground, stick to industry, and contribute an important force to the sustainable development of Jinhua's economy and society; adhere to the leadership of science and technology and innovative development, give full play to the leading role of industry leaders, and take the lead in uniting upstream and downstream, industry-university-research forces to jointly promote Jinhua manufacturing from factor-driven to innovation-driven; adhere to digital empowerment and intelligent development, carry out in-depth digital and intelligent transformation of the whole chain, promote the integrated development of the new generation of information technology and existing industries, and constantly enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises; adhere to low-carbon cycle and green development, further reduce the energy consumption level per unit added value, and lead the demonstration for Jinhua green manufacturing development. In response to Secretary Chen Long's request, Chairman Jiang Xiaomeng said that the development of Jianfeng cannot be separated from the strong support of Jinhua Party committees and governments at all levels. In recent years, while increasing external development, it is also actively looking for opportunities for further development in Jinhua. "Jianfeng is Jinhua's enterprise, and it is our obligation to contribute to Jinhua". (this newspaper reporter)
2021
04-01
2021 is the 100 anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has decided to carry out party history study and education in the whole party to encourage the whole party not to forget its original intention and keep its mission in mind. On March 17, the group company held a party committee to convey and implement the relevant spirit of the central and higher party committees, and put forward requirements for the study and education of party history. At the Party History Learning and Education Mobilization Conference held in Beijing on February 20, Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, emphasized in his speech that the development of party history learning and education throughout the party is based on the party's century history. A new starting point, a major decision made to coordinate the overall strategy of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the world's unprecedented changes in a century, and to mobilize the whole party to devote confidence to fully building a modern socialist country. All comrades in the party must learn history, increase credibility, learn history, respect morality, learn history, learn history, learn party history, understand ideas, do practical things, open a new situation, and strive to start a new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way with a high-spirited attitude. Greet the 100 anniversary of the founding of the party with outstanding achievements. After that, Zhejiang Province and Jinhua City successively held mobilization and deployment meetings on party history study and education, and put forward requirements for the implementation of this important work. At the party committee of the group company held on the 17th, Jiang Xiaomeng, secretary of the party committee of the group, conveyed the spirit of the central party history learning and education mobilization meeting and the speech made by Chen long, secretary of the Jinhua municipal party committee, at the municipal party history learning and education mobilization meeting. and together with all party committee members, group executives learned the special learning materials of "learning party history, knowing the party situation, and being a qualified party member. Jiang Xiaomeng pointed out that carrying out the study and education of party history is based on the new starting point of the party's century-old history of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, coordinating the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the great changes unseen in the world in a century, and mobilizing the whole party and the whole country to devote themselves to building a modern socialist country with confidence. Party organizations at all levels of the company must deeply understand and grasp the special significance of carrying out party history study and education, and resolutely implement it in accordance with the deployment requirements of the central, provincial and municipal party committees. According to the key points and work requirements of party history learning and education proposed by the central government, and in combination with the actual situation of the company, the group party committee decided to further strengthen the publicity of party history knowledge, organize all party members to strengthen relevant knowledge learning, and visit and study in the red education base. Organize a special lecture on party history education, and all grassroots party committees and branch secretaries should take the lead in giving party history lessons; use the "Peak News" as the carrier to carry out party history knowledge propaganda, organize the essay solicitation activity of "learning party history and welcoming a hundred years"; Organize and carry out the knowledge contest of party history for party members. The party committee of the group requires that the main responsible comrades of the company's party organizations at all levels should lead by example, set an example, and play a good role in leading learning and promoting learning; it is necessary to innovate methods and methods, and flexibly use various learning platform carriers to make party history learning and education more appealing and effective, To promote the study and education of party history to go deep into the masses, the grassroots, and the hearts of the people. (this newspaper reporter)
2021
03-22
Qiandongnan Prefecture Federation of Trade Unions "Send Warmth"
On the morning of February 25, Liang Ya, Secretary of the Party group of the Federation of trade unions of Qiandongnan Prefecture, and Yuan Shangkai, director of the Bureau of industry and information technology of Qiandongnan Prefecture, went to Huangping Jianfeng cement company to express their sympathy to the employees who stick to their posts during the Spring Festival. In the peak of Huang Ping, Liang Ya and his party had a discussion with employee representatives to understand the working and living conditions of employees. Qian Jiang, secretary of the party branch of Huang Ping Jianfeng and chairman of the trade union, briefly reported on the recent production and operation of the enterprise, the main work and achievements of the trade union organization since its establishment more than half a year ago, and said that Huang Ping Jianfeng trade union will continue to make efforts to continuously improve the capacity building of trade union staff, be a good "mother's family" of employees, earnestly safeguard the rights and interests of employees, and constantly improve their sense of satisfaction and happiness. On behalf of the State Federation of Trade Unions, Secretary Liang Ya fully affirmed the trade union work of the enterprise. She pointed out that as a key project of poverty alleviation through cooperation between the east and the west, Huangping Jianfeng must give full play to the important responsibility of trade union organizations to care for employees while doing a good job in production and operation, do more practical work for employees, solve problems, and build Huangping Jianfeng into a industry. The benchmark for poverty alleviation contributes to the promotion of Huangping's economic development. After the symposium, Liang Ya, Yuan Shangkai and other leaders distributed condolences to the representatives of the participating employees one by one, and expressed condolences to the employees of Huang Ping Jianfeng who stuck to the front line during the Spring Festival. (Pan Yi)
2021
03-12
On March 1, Wan Ding, Mayor of Daye City, Hubei Province, Jiang Longping, Deputy Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee and Secretary of the Political and Legal Committee, Cheng Wei, Minister of the United Front Work Department and Chairman of the Federation of Trade Unions, and the heads of relevant functional departments made a special visit to the peak to further strengthen cooperation, Promote development and communicate with the leaders of the group company. Group Chairman Jiang Xiaomeng, General Manager Yu Jianhong, Deputy General Manager Zhang Fengliang, Xiang Chongping and other leaders received Wanding and his party. On behalf of the peak, Jiang Xiaomeng welcomed the visit of the leaders of Daye City and thanked the local government departments at all levels in Daye for their support and affirmation of the peak. During the exchange, Mayor Wanding spoke highly of Daye Jianfeng's contribution to local economic and social development over the years. He said that Jianfeng has always been a benchmark enterprise and a major taxpayer in Daye City, and its achievements are well-known in Daye. On this good basis, he hopes to further strengthen cooperation. The leaders of Baoan Town, where Daye Peak is located, also stated on the spot during the discussion that they will adopt the attitude of "Peak Cement is no small matter", while serving the enterprise well, and at the same time, they will further strengthen the in-depth cooperation between the two parties to find development opportunities around related industries. The two parties also discussed topics such as strengthening industrial integration in building materials-related fields, further extending the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, and coordinated green development. (this newspaper reporter)
2021
03-12
On January 16, the "2021 China Enterprise Credit Development Forum and the 12th Integrity Public Welfare Ceremony" sponsored by the China Enterprise Reform and Development Research Association and the China Cooperative Trade Enterprises Association was held in Beijing to release the 2020 China Enterprise Credit Top 500 Series of lists. Jianfeng Group ranks 358 and 355 respectively in the top 500 credit lists of Chinese enterprises and the top 500 credit lists of Chinese listed companies. It is understood that the evaluation and analysis of the top 500 Chinese corporate credit is not based on the company's operating income, profit or the value of a single indicator, but focuses on the trend research of corporate development, focusing on quantitative evaluation and analysis, and quantitative A multi-dimensional evaluation method that combines qualitative and qualitative, and adopts dynamic empowerment according to the different characteristics of different industries, is a comprehensive reflection of the company's operating status and operating capabilities, it is also an objective manifestation of the creditworthiness of the enterprise. In the analysis and research, it refers to the international rules, simulates the enterprise credit evaluation system, adopts dynamic empowerment according to the characteristics of different industries, and establishes the corresponding evaluation mathematical model to make it more scientific, objective, fair and fair. The analytical research and evaluation methods and models have three first-level evaluation elements, with "credit environment" having a weight of 14%, "credit capacity" having a weight of 72%, and "credit behavior" having a weight of 14%. Among them, "credit environment" includes economic environment, industry environment, market environment, policy and legal environment 4 secondary indicators 6 sub-elements, using a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the evaluation method; "credit capacity" includes profitability, liquidity, security and growth 4 secondary indicators 11 sub-elements and 1 reference element, using quantitative analysis and evaluation methods, is the core index in the evaluation system; "Credit behavior" includes three sub-elements of three secondary indicators: social contribution, quality and safety, and social impact, and adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The credit evaluation and analysis of Chinese enterprises is a project supported by the China Social Science Fund. It has been carried out since 2011. Based on the analysis and research results, it has produced the top 500 Chinese enterprise credit, the top 100 Chinese manufacturing enterprise credit, and the top 100 Chinese service enterprise credit. China's top private enterprise credit 100, China's top 500 listed company credit list. According to the above scoring principles, in the list of China's top 500 credit enterprises, peak's comprehensive credit score is 92.988, ranking 358, and ranking 15th among cement enterprises on the list; at the same time, it ranks 355 among the top 500 credit companies of Chinese listed companies released in the same period. (this newspaper reporter)
2021
03-01